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时间:2023-02-19 07:40:00 阅读: 评论: 作者:佚名

你为什么工作?有些人可能是为了赚钱,有些人可能是为了自我价值的实现。

最近,有人提出:为人类谋福利,也可以是一种工作目的。这种观点叫做“有效利他主义”。什么是“有效利他主义”?这个主义会如何帮助我们重新定义自己的工作?

Can Your Career Help Change the World? You Have 80,000 Hours to Try.

你的职业能改变世界吗?你有八万小时去尝试

By Krithika Varagur

Most of us hope our jobs make a positive difference in the world. It's one reason companies have infused their mission statements with lofty goals of improving lives and talk of broader purpose in recent years.

我们大多数人都希望自己的工作能给世界带来一些积极影响。这一定程度上解释了为什么近年来,各类公司的使命宣言中,都写满了为大众谋幸福的崇高目标,谈的也都是宏大愿景。

Some workers aren't leaving that to chance, using an evidence-based approach to pursue careers that they believe will provide the maximum benefit to humanity. They belong to a movement called Effective altruism, which relies on science and data to determine how individuals can use their time, money and skills to do the most good.

有这么一群职场人,相信“使命由我不由天”。他们采取了一套基于实证的方法,来追求他们眼中能最大限度造福人类的事业。他们是“有效利他主义”运动的一员,其理念以科学和数据为基础,来为个体决定:如何利用自己的时间、金钱和技能,去行最大的善。

Much of Effective Altruism's early focus was on encouraging people to pursue lucrative careers to have more money to give. Through a nonprofit called 80,000 Hours, the movement has since expanded into helping people design do-good careers tailored to their talents and skills.

有效利他主义的早期重点,是鼓励人们从事薪资丰厚的工作,以便有更多能捐出去的钱。一家名为“八万小时”的非营利组织拓宽了这一运动的思路:它帮助人们根据自己的天赋与能力,规划既适合自己、又有公益价值的职业生涯。

80,000 Hours advises people to aim for the highest-impact job that addresses the social problem of their choice. The organization's own list of priorities reflects a distinct worldview. Effective Altruists focus on the really big, and sometimes abstract, picture, including AI, climate change and the governance of outer space.

“八万小时”建议人们争取的,是能为他们关注的社会问题产生最高影响力的工作。该组织自身的优先事项清单就反映了一套清晰的世界观:有效利他主义者们关注的,是那些特别宏大、甚至有些抽象的未来图景,包括人工智能、气候变化和太空治理等等。

Some critics of the EA approach say it overly emphasizes fields out of the scope of many workers and gives short shrift to professions like teaching or healthcare, which also involve directly helping people.

一些“有效利他主义”的批评者表示,这一理念所过度强调超出了很多劳动者的能力范围领域,但对教育、医疗等直接助人的职业却不理不睬。

生词好句

1.change the world

改变世界

拓展

world-changing adj. 可以改变世界的;开创性的

近义词:groundbreaking

5G is a world-changing technology with huge potential.

5G是一种开创性技术,有巨大的潜力。

2.infuse

英 [ɪnˈfjuːz] 美 [ɪnˈfjuːz]

vt. 注入;灌输;把某种感受或品质加入到某个事物之中(fill something with a particular feeling or quality)

拓展:

infuse A with B

在A中加入B

She infused her new book with humour and wisdom.

她给自己的新书加入了幽默和智慧。

拓展:

infuse tea 沏茶

3.mission statement

使命表述,使命宣言

4.lofty

英 [ˈlɒfti] 美 [ˈlɑːfti]

adj. 高远的,崇高的;高耸的,巍峨的

拓展:

a lofty mountain 一座巍峨的山

lofty ideals 崇高的理想

5.leave something to chance

(在处理某事或面对某种情况时)顺其自然(take no action and just wait to see what happens)

拓展:

This project is too important to leave to chance.

这个项目太重要了,所以要认真对待。

拓展:

leave nothing to chance

事无巨细地为某件事做准备(prepare for everything possible)

As a marketing director, she likes to leave nothing to chance.

作为营销总监,她喜欢事无巨细地做好准备。

6.humanity

英 [hjuːˈmænəti] 美 [hjuːˈmænəti]

n. 人类统称(people in general);人性,人道,人文关怀(understanding and kindness towards other people)

拓展:

近义词:mankind 人类

He is a man with deep humanity.

他是一个有着深刻人文关怀的人。

7.Effective Altruism

有效利他主义(简称EA)

拓展:

altruism n. 利他主义

UK /ˈæltruɪzm/ US /ˈæltruɪzm/

8.good

英 [ɡʊd] 美 [ɡʊd]

n. 善行

拓展:

the most good 最大的善事

拓展:美国哲学家彼得·辛格(Peter Singer)有一本书,叫做 The most good you can do。

9.lucrative

英 [ˈluːkrətɪv] 美 [ˈluːkrətɪv]

adj. 有利可图的(highly profitable)

拓展:

a lucrative niche market

一个非常有利可图的细分市场

10.be tailored to

为......量身定制

拓展:

Our products can be tailored to your company's specific needs.

我们的产品可以根据贵公司的需求进行定制。

11.aim for

(本文)聚焦于,针对(focus on);瞄准

拓展:

近义表达:aim at 瞄准

12.high-impact

具有高度影响力的

拓展:

近义词:highly influential

high-impact journals 具有高影响力的期刊

13.address

英 [əˈdres] 美 [ˈædres]

vt. 解决(to solve/deal with a problem)

拓展:

Our courses address the real-world needs of people.

我们的课程要解决人们在真实世界里的需求。

14.distinct

英 [dɪˈstɪŋkt] 美 [dɪˈstɪŋkt]

adj. (本文)明显的,清楚的(clearly noticeable);不同的,有区别的

拓展:

The two subject areas are quite distinct from each other.

这两个学科领域的区别很大。

There's a distinct possibility of snow today.

今天很有可能下雪。

15.picture

英 [ˈpɪktʃə] 美 [ˈpɪktʃə]

n. (本文)图景

16.overly

英 [ˈəʊvəli] 美 [ˈoʊvərli]

adv. 过度地

拓展:

近义词:excessively

17.give short shrift to something

对某事缺乏关注,忽视某事(give little attention to something)

拓展:

Years ago, her articles were given short shrift from many educational organizations.

多年前,她的文章被很多教育机构无视了。

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