汉语有其模糊的美，是一种好的文学语言。英语词汇丰富，语法精巧，有准确的美，是科技语言的最佳选择。
英语很含蓄，语法也很繁杂。语言入门比汉语简单得多，但需要更深入地理解，但并不是一件容易的事。语言要比较学习，要把握其独特的语言特色。这样才能事半功倍，循序渐进。
目录
1茎穿插了枝叶的文体特征
2非正常语序irregular word order
3否定的特殊性
4时态可以代替时间副词。
5语音可以代替语音副词。
1茎穿插了枝叶的文体特征
英语和汉语是两种不同的语言，其句子结构差异很大。例如，汉语文章松散，英语文章紧凑。汉语文章没有英语文章，经常使用连接词。英语比汉语更被动。英语句子结构比汉语句子结构更复杂。
英语句子可以有很多修饰语或从句，短成分通常放在长成分前面，这就是所谓的尾重。如果用汉语表达同样的意思，可能需要重新编排文章顺序。中文文章通常按年代顺序和逻辑顺序展开。那个句子成分的顺序可能与英语句子成分的顺序完全不同。英语文章的主题或最重要的信息通常放在文章的开头，而汉语文章恰恰相反。汉语句子是按照时间和逻辑顺序，不是按照句子成分的长度。中文句子中，长句成分通常放在短成分前面，最重要的信息往往放在句子末尾。因此，韩译英需要重构文章的结构。
英语句子通常有稠密的结构，就像一串葡萄。也就是说，每个句子除了省略句外，都要有主语和主动词。就像葡萄藤一样。其他修饰语就像藤上的葡萄。主语和主动词在性、数、时态上是一致的。一个句子可以有多个子句，但只能有一个主语和一个主动词。中文文章如小溪。一节与一节相关联，所以不像英语那样经常使用连接词。
Outside，the late afternoon sun slanted down in the yard，Throwing into gleaming brightness the dogwood trees that were solid masses of whitside
2非正常语序irregular word order
人们在沟通中传递的信息通常由已知信息和新信息组成。已知信息通常用主语表示。也就是说，说话者或写文章的人认为对方知道的人、事、物传递信息的起点。新信息通常用谓词表示。也就是说，说话或写文章的人认为对方还不知道的新内容是信息传达的重点。因此，形成了英语相对正常语序(regular word order)的主语谓语。因此，新信息最重要的部分经常出现在句末。这称为“端点中心”(end focus)。语法结构复杂的单词数多的信息片段(piece of information)一般出现在称为末端重量(end weight)的句子末尾。
末端中心和末端重量是排列英语语序的重要原则。也就是说，要将新的中心信息和重量信息放在文章末尾。极力避免英语文章中头重脚轻。换句话说，避免主语太长的句子。也就是说，谓语部分在正常句子中比主语长一点。尽可能避免使用单个自动动词作为谓语。不要说He rested，He took a rest。(AmE)或He had a rest。(BrE)
如果更改上述英语中相对固定的一般语序，则是后缀postponement、外部extraposition、discontinuity分隔、前面fronting、翻转inversion、拆分cleaving等公式引起的异常语序。
2.1后置处理postponement
2.1.1动态被动语音
the flowers were destroyed by the rain .
2.1.2外部扩展
it takes him an hour to get there by bus .
It's dangerous playing with fire。
It is certain he will win。
We think it useless arguing with him。
we think it important that we should put education in the first place。
2.1.3分隔的discontinuity
Just then I
noticed, for the first time, that Monsieur Hamel wore his fine green coat...So I got a place in a laundry ironing shirts.
2.2 前移 fronting(广义的倒装)
Upon the education of the people of his country the fate of this country depends.
Her appearance all admired, while her personality few praised.
A scandal I call it.
Very strange it seemed.
2.3 倒装 inversion
2.3.1 全部倒装
Here are some letters for you to type.
Out flew a bird from teacher's chalk-box.
In books are embalmed the greatest thoughts of all ages.
2.3.2 部分倒装
Never has bob been abroad before.
Only when one plunges into the powerful current of times will one's life shine brilliantly.
Often does he warn us not to touch the poisonous chemical.
Wealthy though he is, I don't envy him.
Were the danger even greater, I should feel compelled to go.
Be a man ever so clever, he knows nothing if he doesn't learn.
Had it not been the discovery of electricity, the telegraph, telephone, radio and motion picture would have been impossible.
Tired that he was, he went to bed early.
As fire tries gold, so does adversity try virture.
They looked upon him as a trusted friend, as did many others he had deceived.
She will be twenty-one, come May.
2.4 分裂/强调句 cleaving
It was in your room that I met the Batman yesterday.
It is not because things are difficult that we do not dare; it is because we do not dare that they are difficult.
Which books is ityou want.
What a picture it is you've drawn!
It is a wise father that knows his own child.(再英明的父亲也不会理解他自己的子女。It is ... that句型的让步句要“反译”）
He does speak four languages.
3 否定的特殊性
3.1 部分否定和全部否定 partial and absolute negation
| A | B | C | D | |
| 全部肯定 | 部分否定 | 全部否定 | 非肯定 | |
| 全都 | 不都 | 都不 | ||
| ○ | ◐ | ● | ||
| 代名词 | all | some | none=no one/no | any |
| both | one or the other | neither | either | |
| everybody | somebody | nobody | anybody | |
| everything | something | nothing | anything | |
| 代副词 | everywhere | somewhere | nowhere | anywhere |
| everyplace | someplace | noplace | anyplace | |
| always | sometimes | never | ever | |
| altogether | somewhat | no way | anyway |
Some of these books are not useful to me.(B的否定=B）
He was never dissatisfied with my work.(C的否定=A）
Great men are not always wise.（A的否定＝B）
not ever = never; not anybody = nobody. (D的否定=C）
3.1.1 可能是部分否定，也可能是全部否定
I wasn't listening all the time.
可以理解为“我不是全部时间都在听”，也可以理解为“全部时间我都没听”，究竟是部分否定还是全部否定，要根据逻辑、情理、文脉、常识、语调来判断。
3.1.2 全部否定：只能用“全部否定词+肯定式谓语”
No man is rich enough to buy back his past.
Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
None of the answers are right.
3.1.3 部分否定
Not all the answers are right.
All men are not good.
All is not gold that glitters.
3.2 准否定（半否定） quasi-negation (semi-negation)
He could barely keep body and soul together.(barely=only juse,仅仅，几乎没有)
He scarcely ever opens a book.（scarcely ever ＝ almost never，几乎从来未曾）
Hardly had I reached the bus stop when the bus started.
3.3 多余否定 pleonastic negation
英语在间接问句中使用否定形式也并不表示否定。英美习惯在含有“怀疑、不知道、没把握”等意义的wonder，（not) know，(not) sure，to see if等词或词组后面由if或whether引导的从句中加个否定词not，这种语法形式称之为“多余否定”。这种多余否定，形式上否定句，意思上肯定句。
I wonder if we cannot get any more.(我想知道再拿一些行不行。)
“What a fine day! I wonder whether she will not come this afternoon."（“天气太好了！我想下午她会来。”
I don't know if Mr. Baker will not go to the movies tonight.（我不知道贝克先生今晚是否去看电影。）
3.4 特指否定 specail negation
凡是句子的谓语动词被否定的称为一般否定（general negation），其他成分被否定，称为特指否定或局部否定。
在含有than的否定句中，than是介词还是连词，意义是完全不一样的。
He has no more than five yuan.（他只有五元线。）
He has not more than five yuan.（他最多有五无线。）
A home without love is no more a home than a garden without flowers.（没有爱情的家不能算是家，正如没有花的园子不能算是花园一样。）
I am no more mad than you are.（我和你一样没疯。）
I am not more mad than you (are).（我和你一样地疯。）
He is not any more than a puppet.（他只不过是一个傀儡。）
3.5 双重否定 double negation
Don't fail to come tonight.
Nothing is unexpected.
Nothing great was ever achieved withou enthusiam.
3.6 否定转换与否定范围 transferred negation and scope of negation
汉语的句子若否定某个成分，通常是把“不”，“没”，“非”等否定词直接放在被否定的成分之前；英语往往通过否定谓语动词来否定句末的次要成分的。同理，在主从复合句中，往往是通过否定主句的谓语动词表示对从句的否定，这就叫“否定转移”。
3.6.1 简单句中否定其他成分的not转移到否定谓语动词
We're not here to explain why slums make criminals.（我们来这儿，不是为了要解释为什么贫民窟会使人犯罪的。）
He was not put on trial.（不经审讯他就被关进监狱了。）
But you will not see all animals all through the winter.（但在整个冬天你将看到的不是所有的动物。）
All the warm-blooded animals do not need to to hibernate.（并不是所有的温血动物都需要冬眠。）
I don't think it right.（我认为这是不对的。）
You don't seem to be well today.（你好像今天身体不舒服。）
3.6.2 主从复合句中否定从句的not转换到否定主句谓语动词
It doesn't look as if it is going to rain.（看起来不会下雨。）
I don't think I know you.（我想我不认识你。）
It is not her thought that you should go to New York at all.（她认为你根本就不应该去纽约。）
The sky is not less blue because the blind man does not see it.（天空不会因为盲人看不见，就不那么蓝了。）
3.6.3 并列句中否定第二个成分时，not转换到谓语动词
在并列句中，"not...and..."否定后者，"not...or..."既否定后者，也否定前者。
My younger brother doesn't know English and Russian.（我弟弟懂英语，但不懂俄语。）
My younger brother doesn't know English or Russian.（我弟弟英语或俄语都不懂。）
The film is not interesting and instructive.（这部影片有趣，但无教育意义。）
The film is not interesting or instructive.（这部影片既无趣，又无教育意义。）
4 时态可能代替了时间性的副词
中文一般通过语境和一些时间副词表示动作的时间性，而英文则是通过准确的时态进行时间的描述。如：
The windows had been opened.
窗户早就被打开了。
5 语态可能代替了语态性的副词
The thief was caught by the policeman.
贼被警察抓住了。