16. What I really want to know is whether he will go abroad next month?

我的确想知道的是，他是否会在下个月出国。

解析：主语从句不难，写进作文，自然是高大上，闪闪发光，高分自然：

概念与类型

主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语,引导主语从句的词有从属连词that, whether以及连接代词who, what,which, whoever, whatever, whichever和连接副词when, where, why, how等.

一、主语从句的引导词

主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导。

1. that引导

That she was chosen made us very happy.

她当选了使我们很高兴。

That he is still alive is a wonder.他还活着，真是奇迹。

That we shall be late is certain.我们要晚了，这是确定无疑的。

That he should have ignored the working class was natural.他忽视工人阶级是很自然的。

That she is still alive is a consolation.她还活着是使人感到宽慰的。

That she became an artist may have been due to her father’s influence.她成为画家可能是受她父亲的影响。

That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time.你将来伦敦是好久以来我听到的最好消息。

That she was chosen made a tremendous stir in her village.她被挑选上，在她村子里引起很大轰动。

2. whether引导

Whether she will come or not is still a question.

她是否来还是一个问题。

Whether he has signed the contract or not doesn’t matter. 他是否在合同上签了字，是无关紧要的。

Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen.是否对我们有害还要看一看。

Whether they would support us was a problem.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。

3.连接代词引导

Which team will win the match is stillunknown.

哪个队会赢得这场比赛还不知道。

Whoever comes to the party will receive apresent.

参加聚会的每一个人都将收到一份礼物。

Whoever told you that was lying. 不管这话是谁对你说的，都是撒谎。

Whichever climber gets to the top first will get a ￡5,000 prize. 不管是谁首先爬到山顶都将获得5000英镑的奖金。

Whoever is top from wins the game when two matched players meet.两强相争勇者胜。

Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize.无论(你们)谁先到都可以得奖。

Whichever you want is yours.你要哪个，哪个就是你的。

4.连接副词引导

When they will start has not been decidedyet.

他们何时出发还没决定。

When we arrive doesn’t matter.什么时候到没有关系。

How it was done was a mystery.这是怎样做的是一个谜。

How this happened is not clear to anyone.这件事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。

How many people we are to invite is still a question.邀请多少人还是一个问题。

Where I spend my summer is no business of yours.我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。

5.关系代词型what引导

What caused the accident is a completemystery.

是什么导致了这次事故还完全是一个谜.

What we need is money.我们需要的是钱。

What I want to know is this.我想知道的就是这一点。

What’s done is done.事已成定局。

What he says is not important.他说的话并不重要。

What I am telling you is mere impressions.我和你说的都不过是一些印象而已。

What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water.为河水增色的是水里的荷花。

What you need is a good-sized canvas bag.你需要的是一个比较大的帆布袋。

What I am afraid of is their taking him to Portugal.我担心的是他们把他带到葡萄牙去。

What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot.给我很深印象的是他们都受过很多苦。

What he chiefly wished for was a chance to explain. 他主要希望能有一个解释的机会。

注：当主语从句后接的表语时复数时，有时也可用复数谓语。如：

What she needs is (are) friends. 她需要的是朋友。

二、主语从句与形式主语it

有时为了考虑句子平衡，通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it，而将真正的主语从句移至句末。这分三种情况：

(1)对于以连词that引导的主语从句，通常用形式主语代主语从句：

It’s a pity that he didn’t come.很遗憾他没来。

It is a pity that she has made such amistake.

她犯了这样一个错误,真是遗憾。

It is important that he should know about this.他必须知道此事。

It’s vital that we be present.我们出席是至关重要的。

It was intended that you be the candidate.大家的意图是让你当候选人。

It is important that this mission not fail.这项使命不失败至关重要。

It is essential that a meeting be convened this week.本周开一次会非常重要。

It is appropriate that this tax be abolished.废除这个税是恰当的。

It’s unfair that so many people should lose their jobs.竟有这么多人失业这是不公平的。

It’s amazing that she should have said nothing about it.她竟未谈及此事令人惊讶。

It’s unthinkable that they should deny my request.他们竟然拒绝我的请求，这是不可思议的。

That they should refuse to sign the petition required great courage.他们拒绝在请愿书上签字这是需要很大勇气的。

(2)对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句，可以使用形式主语代主语从句，也可直接在句首使用主语从句：

Whether they would support us was a problem.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。

It was a problem whether they would support us.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。

It remains to be seen whether it will do us harm or good.它对我们是利是害，还得看看再说。

It depends on the climate whether they aregoing shopping today.

他们是否今天去购物还得看天气情况。

(3)对关系代词型what引导的主语从句，通常直接将主语从句放在句首。如：What we need is money.我们需要的是钱。

What I want to know is this.我想知道的就是这一点。

有时也可将助用形式主语。如：

It is clear enough what he meant.他是什么意思很清楚。

(4)如果句子是疑问句，则必须用带形式主语it的结构：

Is it true that he is the girl’s father?他是那女孩的父亲，是真的吗?

How is it that you are late again?你怎么又迟到了?

主语从句往往构成了下面一些常用句型:

1)It is + adj. / n. +从句

It is a pity/shame that...遗憾的是……

It is possible that...很可能……

It is unlikely that...不可能……

2)It +不及物动词+从句

It seems/appears that...似乎……

It happened that...碰巧……

3)It + be +过去分词+从句

It is said that...据说……

It is known to all that...众所周知……

It is reported that...据报道……

It is believed that...据信……;人们相信……

It is suggested that...有人建议……

It must be pointed out that...必须指出……

It has been proved that...已证明…….

如:

It is believed that at least a score ofbuildings were damaged or destroyed.

据信,至少有二十座楼房遭到破坏或彻底毁掉。

It is suggested that the meeting should beput off.

有人建议会议延期召开。

It's reported that three people were killedin the accident and five were hurt badly.

据报道,事故中三人丧生,五人重伤。

It is known to all that Taiwan is an inseparable part of China.

众所周知,台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。

主语从句难句实战分析：

What they do is looking at familiar conditions from a perspective that makes these conditions seem foolish，harmful or affected.

分析：从句what they do在整句中做主语成分，为主语从句; 谓语为系动词is;表语为looking at familiar conditions from a perspective，后面加that引导的定语从句。

译文：它们所做的就是从这样一个角度来看待熟悉的环境，使这些环境看上去愚蠢、有害或做作。

关于主语从句的主谓一致、与定语从句以及和强调句区别前期文章已解说，不在赘述。

17. Television is harmful to developing minds.

电视不利于开发心智。

解析：

be harmful to sth不利于,对……有害

Fruit juices can be harmful to children's teeth.

果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。

Radon is known to be harmful to humans in large quantities

众所周知，大量的氡会对人体造成伤害。

It's believed the affair was potentially harmful to British aviation.

据信该事件可能对英国航空业造成不利影响。

Cigarette smoke is also harmful to people's health.

香烟的烟雾对人们的健康同样有害。

Excessive smoking is harmful to one's health.

吸烟过多对身体有害处。

Excessive drinking is harmful to the health.

饮酒过多会伤害身体。

Of course, too much stress is harmful to our bodies and minds.

当然,压力太大对我们的身心都有害。

That can be harmful to the development of creativity.

这对创造力的发展有害。