37. Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.

自从他上高中，他一直很用功。

经典句型解析since句型精讲

连词since引导状语从句用法解析

用法1：since引导的时间状语从句中用短暂性（终止性）动词的一般过去式，主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。此种用法最为常见。此时，整个句子可以直接按照字面意思翻译。即从句所表示的时间是从从句谓语动作发生的时间算起直到现在。

1）Since he changed jobs he's looked like a new man.

他跳槽之后像换了一个人似的。

2) She's a changed woman since she got that job.

她自从得到了那份工作，变得判若两人。

《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》

3）he has dealt with five guys since she divorced Tom.

她和汤姆离婚后和五个男人交往过。

4）I have been missing her since she left.

自从她离开我就一直很想念她。

5）We have been missing her since she left here.

自从她离开这里我们就一直很想念她。

6）She's been working there since the beginning of last summer.

她自从去年夏初起就一直在那里工作。《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》

7）She had been worrying ever since the letter arrived.

自从接到那封信后她就一直焦虑不安。《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》

例7说明：主句也是可以用过去完成态，只是考试中还比较少见。

用法2：since引导的时间状语从句中用延续性动词或者是表示状态的静态动词的一般过去式，主句用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。此时，时间状语从句所表示的时间是从从句中这个延续性动作或表示状态的静态动词动作结束直到现在这个时间段，翻译时不能按照字面翻译。

1）I haven’t heard any noise since I slept.

我醒后未听到任何声音。

2）I’ve written her 30 letters since I was here.

自从我离开这，我已经给她写了30封信。

3）It has been almost five years since I taught high school students.

我不教高中已经大概有五年了。

4）It's been an age since we've seen them.

我们有很长一段时间没有见到他们了。

5）What was the party like?

Wonder’s years since I enjoyed myself so much .

晚会怎么样？非常精彩。我已经很多年没有玩得那么最痛快了。93高考试题

6）It's been years since I enjoyed myself so much as last night.

我已经很多年没有像昨晚那么痛快了。

7）I have changed my job five times since I was in Shanghai.

我离开上海后换了五次工作。

请比较：

He has written to me frequently since I was ill.自从我病愈以来，他屡次给我写信。

He has written to me frequently since I fell ill.自从我生病以来，他就屡次给我写信。

用法3：since引导的时间状语从句中的动词完成时，主句的动词用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。此时翻译时可以直接按照字面意思理解。

1）It has been almost five years since I have taught senior three students.

我从教高三开始到现在已经五年了。

2）I have never heard from her since she has worked there.

自从她去那工作到现在为止，我没有收到过她的来信。

3）Since we have owned a car,we have gone camping every year.

自从我们有了汽车，我们每年都去野营。

4）We think highly of your up-grading spirit since you have been trying to change yourself.

从你一直努力改变自己以来，我们都高度赞赏你的上进精神。

5）We all admire you since you have been doing everything to help the poor.

自从你一直做任何事情帮助穷人以来，我们都很钦佩你。

请比较：

Since I’ve been at this school ,we have had three headmasters.

自从我到这所学校以来，我们已经换了3个校长了。

Since I was at this school,they have had three headmasters.

自从我离开这所学校以来，他们已经换了三个校长了。

用法4.特殊情况用法，从句所表达的时间为since I was a child;since we were young,等等延续性动词或表状态的静态动词的一般过去时也可以表示动作或状态持续到现在，（常常ever since连用）：

She had been worrying ever since the letter arrived.

自从接到那封信后她就一直焦虑不安。《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》

He's been in the doldrums ever since she left him.

自从她离开他以来，他一直很消沉。

He's been there ever since you left!

自从你离开后他就一直在那里！

Ever since we moved last year, I worry a lot about whether I can handle this new job

自从去年我们搬家，我就一直非常担心能否做好这份新工作。

I've had the hots for him ever since he came to college.

自从他来上大学后，我就对他春心萌动。

Ever since I saw the diary excerpts I've been cast down.

自从看到日记摘录，我就一直非常沮丧。

It's been niggling at my mind ever since I met Neville in Nice

自从在尼斯见到内维尔后，我一直忐忑不安。以上6例摘自《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

The two of them have been close friends ever since they knew.

他们俩认识后一直很要好。

He has loved labour ever since he was a child.

他从小热爱劳动。

The girl has grown prettier than ever since I saw her a year ago.

一年不见，小姑娘出落得更漂亮了。

以上3例摘自《汉英大词典》

He has loved reading ever since he was a child.

他从小儿爱读书。

She has given a lot of help ever since she worked in our factory.

自从她来我们工厂后，给了我不小的帮助。

说明，ever since连用时是可以直接翻译的，没有动词延续性等规则限制。

再看经典例句：

So much has changed in the sport since I was a teenager.

自打我十几岁以来，这项运动已经有了很大改变。

I had been out since I was 17.

我从17岁起就公开我是同性恋。

They've been best friends since they were children.

他们从孩提时起就是最要好的朋友。

I've earned my own living since I was seven, doing all kinds of jobs.

从 7 岁起我就自己养活自己，做过各种工作。

She's been using since she was 13.

她从13岁起就吸毒。

以上5例摘自《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》

用法5：主句是it作主语后接一段时间+since从句用法

另外：A）、It is +--一段时间- + since +持续性谓语动词一般过去时(表否定)

It is three years since she lived here. 她已三年不住这儿了。

It's only a year since I last saw the child and he's grown so tall.

这孩子一年不见，长这么高了。

It's twenty years since I've seen her.

我已经二十年没见她了。

How long is it since we last went to the theatre?

我们多久没去看戏了？

It's been two weeks now since she called.

她到现在已经有两个星期没来电话了。

B）、It is + -一段时间-- + since S + 瞬间谓语动词一般过去时(表肯定)例：

It is years since I stopped smoking).我戒烟已经数年了。

It is nearly two years since I came here.

我来这儿快两年了。

It's a long time since they left.

他们已经离开很久了。

《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》

It is two years since we last parted.

我们上次分手以来已有两年了。

It was two years since we had last parted.

那时我们已经分手两年了。

It had been (或was) fifteen years since she had left.

自从她离开已经15年了。

从时态角度看：

It is +一段时间+since 从句（一般过去时）

It was +一段时间+since 从句（过去完成时）

It has been +一段时间+since 从句（现在完成时或一般过去时）

It had been +一段时间+since 从句（过去完成时或一般过去时）