霜的神女与精灵 Frosty Goddess and Goblin

霜的形成过程称为水的凝华过程，其中水不经过液态直接从气态变成固态，产生冰晶。霜开始于深秋时节。这时天气寒冷，草木开始凋零，人们常会联想到暮年和生命的逝去。

The formation of frost is also known as the deposition of water. In this process, water turns from gas into solid directly, without becoming liquid first. And it changes into icy crystal. Frost starts in late autumn. It is freezing cold and plants begin to wither. People often think about the aged years of a person and the fading of life.

中国的神话中，青女是主管霜的神。据说，青女也住在月亮里，是伐桂树的吴刚的妹妹。李商隐《霜月》诗里有“青女素娥俱耐冷，月中霜里斗婵娟。”

In Chinese mythology, Indigo Maid was the goddess in charge of frost. It is said that she also lived in the moon, being the younger sister of Wu Gang, the god who chopped the osmanthus tree on the moon. Li Shangyin, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote in his poem Frosty Moon, “Indigo Maid and White Lass both enjoy the chill And compare their lithe and graceful figure in moonlight and frost.”

中文里，还把人生的种种艰苦比喻成风霜。在饱经风霜后，人到了老年，鬓角变白，称为“霜鬓”。杜甫《登高》中有“艰难苦恨繁霜鬓，潦倒新停浊酒杯。”

In the Chinese language, all kinds of hardships in life are compared to wind and frost. After being tested by such winds and frosts, a person becomes aged. And the hair on the temple becomes white and it is called “frosty sideburns”. Du Fu, another poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in his poem “To Ascend Height”, “Hardships, pains and hates turns my sideburns white like heavy frosts. So abandoned by my fate now, I have to put away my goblet lately.”

西方话语里，杰克霜精是霜和雪的拟人化，被描写成喜欢恶作剧的精灵。

In western discourse, Jack Frost represents the personification of frost and snow and he is depicted as a mischievous goblin.

霜和寒冷联系在一起。西方人似乎认为人去世时，灵魂离开身体，就会感到寒冷。

Frost is also connected with coldness. People in the west seemed to believe that, when a person is passing away and his or her soul leaves the body, he or she will feel cold.

JACK FROST

Gabriel Setoun

杰克霜精

加布里尔.西顿

The door was shut, as doors should be,

Before you went to bed last night;

Yet Jack Frost has got in, you see,

And left your window silver white.

门关好了，按着门应该关的那样办，

就是昨晚你上床睡觉前关的；

不过杰克霜精跑进来了，你看，

你的窗户都让他弄成银白色了。

He must have waited till you slept;

And not a single word he spoke,

But penciled o’er the panes and crept

Away again before you woke.

他肯定是等着你进入睡梦里，

而且他一个字都没说出口，

然后他用铅笔画满窗玻璃，

又在你睡醒之前悄悄溜走。

And now you cannot see the trees

Nor fields that stretch beyond the lane;

But there are fairer things than these

His fingers traced on every pane.

现在你看不见外面的树木，

还有沿着小路伸向远方的田地；

不过比起这些，现在有更美妙的事物，

他的指尖曾经勾画过每片窗玻璃。

Rocks and castles towering high;

Hills and dales and streams and fields;

And knights in armor riding by,

With nodding plumes and shining shields.

巨石、城堡高耸入云天；

丘陵、山谷、河流、田野；

骑士身着甲胄，骑马向前,

羽毛盔缨上下飘摇，盾牌上精光四射。

And here are little boats, and there

Big ships with sails spread to the breeze;

And yonder, palm-trees waving fair

On islands set in silver seas.

这里有不少小型船只，那边

还有大船，向着微风展开船帆；

还有更远的那边，棕榈树轻舞翩翩

那是岛屿，浮现在银色的海面。

And butterflies with gauzy wings;

And herds of cows and flocks of sheep;

And fruit and flowers and all the things

You see when you are sound asleep.

还有蝴蝶展开薄纱般的双翼；

还有成群的奶牛，成群的绵羊；

还有水果、鲜花，各种各样的东西

你睡熟的时候，都看到了它们是什么样。

For, creeping softly underneath

The door when all the lights are out,

Jack Frost takes every breath you breathe

And knows the things you think about.

因为他轻轻地溜过来，躲到门下边

那时候所有的灯都已经熄灭

杰克霜精吸走了你的呼吸，没放过一丁点

然后他就知道了你想的事情，像个间谍。

He paints them on the window-pane

In fairy lines with frozen steam;

And when you wake, you see again

The lovely things you saw in dream.

他把你的想法画在窗玻璃上，

用凝结的水汽，勾出美丽的线条；

然后当你醒来时，你就又看到和梦里一样，

你刚看见过的可爱的东西，惟妙惟肖。

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#翻译# #外语# #教育# #文学# #诗歌# #霜# #青女# #杰克霜精#