许渊冲的书桌

北大畅春园里，有一排排80年代建造的教职工住宅，其中的一扇窗，常常亮灯至深夜三四点，这便是翻译界泰斗许渊冲的家。
许渊冲，1921年出生，毕业于西南联大，北京大学教授、翻译家，毕生致力于中西文化互译工作。

当今世界，在汉语、英语、法语之间灵活游走的翻译家，许渊冲乃第一人。

他将《论语》《诗经》《楚辞》《西厢记》等翻译成英文、法文，还将西方名著如《包法利夫人》《红与黑》《约翰·克里斯托夫》等译成中文。

翻译难两全，译者须同时服务于两个“主人”：原作者和译文读者。

翻译中国古诗词就更让人“望而生畏”。

古诗词往往意大于言，将博大精深的中国文化以精确优美的方式传递给世界大众，何其难也！

许渊冲相信：“不能只翻译表面形式，要提取中心思想。只有坚持中国文化的美感，才能让中国文化走向世界。”

他提出“三美论”：意美、音美、形美。翻译出的作品，不仅有传统文化格式上的工整押韵，更有传统文化思想上的意境。

杜甫的诗以沉郁顿挫、规范工整著称，许老的译笔在多大程度上还原杜诗？一起来看看吧！

（文末赠书）

/许渊冲英译杜甫诗十首/

自京赴奉先县咏怀五百字(节选)

朱门酒肉臭，

路有冻死骨。

荣枯咫尺异，

惆怅难再述。

On the Way from the Capital to Fengxian (Excerpts)

The mansions burst with wine and meat;

The poor die frozen on the street.

Woe stands within an inch of weal.

Distressed, can I tell what I feel?

赠李白

秋来相顾尚飘蓬，

未就丹砂愧葛洪。

痛饮狂歌空度日，

飞扬跋扈为谁雄？

To Li Bai

When autumn comes, you're drifting still like thistledown;

You try to find the way to heaven, but you fail.

In singing mad and drinking dead your days you drown.

O when will fly the roc? O when will leap the whale?

绝句(二首其一)

迟日江山丽，

春风花草香。

泥融飞燕子，

沙暖睡鸳鸯。

Quatrains(1)

Over a beautiful scene the sun is lingering,

Alive with birds and sweet with breath of early spring.

To pick the thawing sod a pair of swallows fly;

Basking on the warm sand, two by two lovebirds lie.

春 望

国破山河在，

城春草木深。

感时花溅泪，

恨别鸟惊心。

烽火连三月，

家书抵万金。

白头搔更短，

浑欲不胜簪。

Spring View

On war-torn land streams flow and mountains stand;

In vernal town grass and weeds are o'ergrown.

Grieved o'er the years, flowers make us shed tears;

Hating to part, hearing birds breaks our heart.

The beacon fire has gone higher and higher;

Words from household are worth their weight in gold.

I cannot bear to scratch my grizzling hair;

It grows too thin to hold a light hairpin.

江畔独步寻花(七首其六)

黄四娘家花满蹊，

千朵万朵压枝低。

留连戏蝶时时舞，

自在娇莺恰恰啼。

Strolling Alone among Flowers by Riverside(VI)

Along the Yellow Path flowers are overgrown,

Thousands of them in full blossom weigh branches down.

Butterflies linger, now and then they dance along;

Golden orioles warble with ease their timely song.

蜀 相

丞相祠堂何处寻？

锦官城外柏森森。

映阶碧草自春色，

隔叶黄鹂空好音。

三顾频烦天下计，

两朝开济老臣心。

出师未捷身先死，

长使英雄泪满襟。

Temple of the Premier of Shu

Where is the famous premier's temple to be found?

Outside the Town of Brocade with cypresses around.

In vain before the steps spring grass grows green and long,

And amid the leaves golden orioles sing their song.

Thrice the king visited him for the State's gains and pains;

He served heart and soul the kingdom during two reigns.

But he died before he accomplished his career.

How could heroes not wet their sleeves with tear on tear!

旅夜书怀

细草微风岸，

危樯独夜舟。

星垂平野阔，

月涌大江流。

名岂文章著？

官应老病休。

飘飘何所似？

天地一沙鸥。

Mooring at Night

Riverside grass caressed by wind so light,

A lonely mast seems to pierce lonely night.

The boundless plain fringed with stars hanging low,

The moon surges with the river on the flow.

Will fame ever come to a man of letters

Old, ill, retired, no official life betters?

What do I look like, drifting on so free?

A wild gull seeking shelter on the sea.

客 至

舍南舍北皆春水，

但见群鸥日日来。

花径不曾缘客扫，

蓬门今始为君开。

盘飧市远无兼味，

樽酒家贫只旧醅。

肯与邻翁相对饮，

隔篱呼取尽余杯。

For a Guest

North and south of my cottage winds spring water green;

I see but flocks of gulls coming from day to day.

The footpath strewn with fallen blooms is not swept clean;

My wicket gate is opened but for you today.

Far from market, I can afford but simple dish;

Being not rich, I've only old wine for our cup.

To drink together with my neighbor if you wish,

I'll call him o'er the fence to finish the wine up.

赠花卿

锦城丝管日纷纷，

半入江风半入云。

此曲只应天上有，

人间能得几回闻？

To General Hua

With songs from day to day the Town of Silk is loud;

They waft with winds across the streams into the cloud.

Such music can be heard but in celestial spheres.

How many times has it been played for human ears?

春夜喜雨

好雨知时节，

当春乃发生。

随风潜入夜，

润物细无声。

野径云俱黑，

江船火独明。

晓看红湿处，

花重锦官城。

Happy Rain on a Spring Night

Good rain knows its time right;

It will fall when comes spring.

With wind it steals in night;

Mute, it moistens each thing.

O'er wild lanes dark cloud spreads;

In boat a lantern looms.

Dawn sees saturated reds;

The town's heavy with blooms.

《许渊冲译杜甫诗选》

作者: 杜甫 译者：许渊冲

出版社: 中译出版社

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来源：中译出版社

编辑：王傲霏, 二审：曼曼，终审：金石开